The saponification value of the fat or oil is defined as the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide that react with 1 gram of the oil or fat. … The unreacted potassium hydroxide should then be titrated against hydrochloric acid to determine the amount of unused potassium hydroxide.

How can you find saponification value of an oil?

Saponification Value = (A – B) x N x 56.1 W This method is used to determine the total acid content, both free and combined, of tall oil. (Acid number only measures the free acid). The combined acids are primarily esters formed by reaction with the neutral components present in the original tall oil.

What is saponification of an oil?

Saponification is a process that involves the conversion of fat, oil, or lipid, into soap and alcohol by the action of aqueous alkali (e.g. NaOH). Soaps are salts of fatty acids, which in turn are carboxylic acids with long carbon chains.

What is the principle of saponification test?

Principle: Due to hydrophobic of nature of lipids they are insoluble in water and are soluble in organic solvents. Saponification test: Principle: Lipids upon alkaline hydrolysis release glycerol and fatty acids. Later sodium (Na+) or potassium (K+) ions combines with fatty acids to form “soap” (foam).

What is the importance of saponification value of an oil sample?

The saponification number indicates how much potassium hydroxide is needed to saponify 1g fat. This information can be used to calculate how many acids (esters and free acids) are contained in a fat or oil. The greater the number of saponification, the more short- and medium-chain fatty acids the fat contains.

How do you know if saponification is complete?

The zap test is when you stick a bar of soap to your tongue. If it zaps you like a 9-volt battery, your soap is still not saponfied. If it doesn't, it is probably done with the process. Again, saponification takes about 24-48 hours.

What is high saponification value?

A high saponification value indicates that the sample has a shorter fatty acid chain and a lower molecular weight. A low saponification value indicates that the sample has a longer fatty acid chain and a higher molecular weight.

What is the acrolein test?

The "acrolein test" is for the presence of glycerin or fats. A sample is heated with potassium bisulfate, and acrolein is released if the test is positive. When a fat is heated strongly in the presence of a dehydrating agent such as potassium bisulfate (KHSO.